terça-feira, 30 de novembro de 2010

DÚVIDAS FREQUENTES: "um" é numeral e artigo

A principal diferença entre o numeral cardinalum” e o artigo indefinidoum” é justamente a função de cada um deles. O numeral cardinalum” indica quantidade exata de seres, lugares ou coisas. Adminte o acréscimo dos termos " só", "somente" ou "apenas". Exemplo: O atleta trouxe um uniforme para todos os jogos. (isto é: um só uniforme) O artigo indefinidoum” generaliza o termo que acompanha, ou seja, determina-o de modo vago. Aceita o acréscimo do termo "qualquer". Exemplo: Achei um brinco na calçada. (ou seja, um brinco qualquer) Veja a diferença: Estava procurando meus brincos. Encontrei um na calçada. (aqui "um" está expressando a quantidade, no exemplo anterior, "um" somente generaliza o objeto) É possível perceber a diferença entre eles em um contexto, passando-os para o plural. Se o plural de "um" for "uns", é artigo; se for "dois", "três"..., é numeral. Veja as recomendações do gramático Napoleão Mendes de Almeida: - “um, quando cardinal, indica realmente número e tem por plural dois; na prática, descobre-se que um é cardinal quando admitir o acréscimo de , único: Um (só) homem é bastante para erguer isso”. - “quando indefinido, um tem por plural uns e admite, por contraposição, o adjetivo outro: “Fiquei conhecendo hoje um homem, de que há muito ouvi falar”. Fonte: Gramática Metódica da Língua Portuguesa, de Napoleão Mendes de Almeida, p. 160.

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